Difference between revisions of "Fedora 21 Server"
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== Configuring partitions for FOG == | == Configuring partitions for FOG == | ||
− | The one thing with using Fedora (or any red-hat based distro) is that the default partitioning isn't optimal for FOG. The default is that "root" only gets 50 GiB and the rest goes to /home. This is not optimal. | + | The one thing with using Fedora (or any red-hat based distro) is that the default partitioning isn't optimal for FOG. The default is that "root" only gets 50 GiB and the rest goes to /home. This is not optimal. |
− | + | You should delete any existing partitions, and then select "create partitions automatically". This is the easiest. Then you can manipulate and delete unneeded partitions. The most simple partitioning setup for FOG is below: | |
− | *Give " | + | *Give the <font color="red">swap</font> partition the same amount as the amount of RAM the system has. |
− | * | + | *Optionally delete the <font color="red">/home</font> partition or limit it's size to something very small (perhaps 10GB). |
− | * | + | *Limit <font color="red">/</font> (root) to 20GB instead of 50 (optional but recommended). Please keep in mind that this is also the partition where the snapins are stored. If you plan to use a lot of snapins and don't think that (roughly) 15GB is enough, then leave this at 50. |
− | + | *Increase the size of <font color="red">/boot</font> from 500MB to 1GB for breathing room in the future (optional but recommended). | |
+ | *Finally, create a <font color="red">/images</font> partition with all remaining space. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Fedora (and most Red-Hat based distributions) auto-adjust partition sizes for you if you go over what is available... meaning.. if you are unsure about how much space is left on the drive to assign to <font color="red">/images</font>, you can leave the size field blank and hit "update" and the installer will auto adjust to what is available. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Another thing to keep in mind is when you install on UEFI enabled hardware, there will be an EFI boot partition made automatically - leave that partition alone. | ||
+ | |||
+ | (Note: Video plays in Chrome or Firefox with html5 plugin) | ||
+ | |||
+ | External Video Link: | ||
+ | |||
+ | [https://youtu.be/uS5JSQiIgTU Fedora 21 Optimal Partitioning for FOG] | ||
+ | |||
+ | Video: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <embedvideo service="youtube">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uS5JSQiIgTU</embedvideo> | ||
== Continue installation == | == Continue installation == | ||
− | *Under network settings, set a static IP and a | + | *Under network settings, set a static IP with Subnet & router info and set a hostname. DNS entries are comma delimited (no spaces). For these to take effect, you can toggle off/on the network adapter. It's a slide switch on the NIC selection page. |
− | *Set the timezone. | + | *Set the timezone (and any preferred NTP servers). |
− | *Start installing | + | *Start installing. |
*Set a root password. | *Set a root password. | ||
− | |||
= Fedora 21 server pre-config = | = Fedora 21 server pre-config = | ||
Line 36: | Line 50: | ||
<pre>yum update -y</pre> | <pre>yum update -y</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
== Continue pre-config == | == Continue pre-config == | ||
Line 43: | Line 59: | ||
*Log in as root with the password you set earlier. | *Log in as root with the password you set earlier. | ||
− | *Disable | + | *Disable firewalld: |
− | <pre>systemctl stop firewalld | + | <pre>systemctl stop firewalld;systemctl disable firewalld</pre> |
− | systemctl disable firewalld</pre> | ||
− | * | + | *Set SELinux to permissive on boot by editing /etc/selinux/config |
<pre>vi /etc/selinux/config</pre> | <pre>vi /etc/selinux/config</pre> | ||
Line 58: | Line 73: | ||
to | to | ||
− | <pre>SELINUX= | + | <pre>SELINUX=permissive</pre> |
− | * | + | *Set SELinux to permissive on the fly (this is not persistent, the above config must be set to be persistent): |
<pre>setenforce 0</pre> | <pre>setenforce 0</pre> | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
= Setup FOG Trunk = | = Setup FOG Trunk = | ||
− | This will install the latest developmental version of FOG using the | + | This will install the latest developmental version of FOG using the Git method found here: [[Upgrade to trunk]] |
+ | We need to use FOG Trunk with Fedora 21 and later because the latest stable release of FOG (currently 1.2.0) does not support any recent versions of Fedora. | ||
− | <pre>yum install -y | + | <pre>yum install git -y |
cd ~ | cd ~ | ||
− | mkdir | + | mkdir git |
− | cd | + | cd git |
− | + | git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/FOGProject/fogproject.git | |
− | cd | + | cd fogproject/bin |
− | ./installfog.sh</pre> | + | ./installfog.sh |
+ | echo Now you should have fog installed.</pre> | ||
*Follow the on-screen instructions to setup fog for your environment. If you are unsure about anything, choose the default option. | *Follow the on-screen instructions to setup fog for your environment. If you are unsure about anything, choose the default option. | ||
+ | = Post-Configurations for Fedora 21 Server and this setup (Optional) = | ||
+ | == Set the FOG services to start 30 seconds after boot == | ||
− | + | Sometimes necessary with Fedora 21 & r6551 and above (FOG 1.3.0 is above r6551). There's an issue with the FOGMulticastManager after a reboot; it's timing related. | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | There are also steps included to delay NFS and RPC for 30 seconds as well, this is needed for very fast servers - doing it on all servers won't hurt. | |
*Disable FOG services with: | *Disable FOG services with: | ||
− | <pre>systemctl disable FOG{MulticastManager,Scheduler,SnapinReplicator,ImageReplicator}</pre> | + | <pre>systemctl disable FOG{MulticastManager,Scheduler,SnapinReplicator,ImageReplicator} |
+ | systemctl disable nfs-server | ||
+ | systemctl disable rpcbind</pre> | ||
Create a startup script with: | Create a startup script with: | ||
Line 113: | Line 123: | ||
<pre>#!/bin/bash | <pre>#!/bin/bash | ||
sleep 30 | sleep 30 | ||
+ | systemctl start nfs-server | ||
+ | systemctl start rpcbind | ||
systemctl start FOGMulticastManager | systemctl start FOGMulticastManager | ||
systemctl start FOGScheduler | systemctl start FOGScheduler | ||
Line 125: | Line 137: | ||
<pre>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local</pre> | <pre>chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local</pre> | ||
− | == | + | == Verify Fedora DHCP config (if using DHCP) == |
+ | |||
+ | You may restart and check status of the DHCP service with these commands: | ||
− | + | <pre>systemctl restart dhcpd.service | |
+ | systemctl status dhcpd.service</pre> | ||
− | + | The configuration file is located here: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf | |
− | You | + | You can edit it using this command: |
− | + | <pre>vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf</pre> | |
+ | Instructions on using Vi: [[Vi]] | ||
− | + | Here is an ''EXAMPLE'' config file that uses a 255.255.240.0 subnet mask: | |
− | == | + | <pre> |
+ | option space PXE; | ||
+ | option PXE.mtftp-ip code 1 = ip-address; | ||
+ | option PXE.mtftp-cport code 2 = unsigned integer 16; | ||
+ | option PXE.mtftp-sport code 3 = unsigned integer 16; | ||
+ | option PXE.mtftp-tmout code 4 = unsigned integer 8; | ||
+ | option PXE.mtftp-delay code 5 = unsigned integer 8; | ||
+ | option arch code 93 = unsigned integer 16; # RFC4578 | ||
− | + | use-host-decl-names on; | |
− | + | ddns-update-style interim; | |
+ | ignore client-updates; | ||
+ | next-server 10.12.1.11; | ||
− | |||
− | + | subnet 10.12.0.0 netmask 255.255.240.0 { | |
+ | option subnet-mask 255.255.240.0; | ||
+ | range dynamic-bootp 10.12.5.1 10.12.7.254; | ||
+ | default-lease-time 21600; | ||
+ | max-lease-time 43200; | ||
+ | option domain-name-servers 10.51.1.6; | ||
+ | option routers 10.12.15.254; | ||
+ | filename "undionly.kkpxe"; | ||
+ | }</pre> | ||
− | |||
Things you might want to verify in this file is: | Things you might want to verify in this file is: | ||
Line 154: | Line 185: | ||
*The range of IPs you want to give out. | *The range of IPs you want to give out. | ||
− | *The | + | *The subnet address. |
*The subnet mask. | *The subnet mask. | ||
Line 160: | Line 191: | ||
*The bootfile you want to use. The default is set to undionly.kpxe and this works with most newer computers. Older computers (and especially Lenovos) should use undionly.kkpxe | *The bootfile you want to use. The default is set to undionly.kpxe and this works with most newer computers. Older computers (and especially Lenovos) should use undionly.kkpxe | ||
− | To find your network address and subnet mask, you'd type: | + | To find your network address and subnet mask, at the CLI, you'd type: |
<pre>route -n</pre> | <pre>route -n</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | {{:Related to ISC-DHCP}} | ||
== Configuring existing Windows DHCP server (If using Windows DHCP) == | == Configuring existing Windows DHCP server (If using Windows DHCP) == | ||
Line 170: | Line 203: | ||
*Right click Scope Options. | *Right click Scope Options. | ||
*Enable 066 Boot Server Host Name, enter the FOG server’s IP. | *Enable 066 Boot Server Host Name, enter the FOG server’s IP. | ||
− | *Enable 067 Bootfile Name, set it as <pre>undionly. | + | *Enable 067 Bootfile Name, set it as <pre>undionly.kkpxe</pre> |
Note: | Note: | ||
You may use any of the boot files listed in /tftpboot on the FOG server. the most common is undionly.kpxe and undionly.kkpxe | You may use any of the boot files listed in /tftpboot on the FOG server. the most common is undionly.kpxe and undionly.kkpxe | ||
− | == dnsmasq (ProxyDHCP) setup == | + | See also: [[BIOS_and_UEFI_Co-Existence]] |
+ | |||
+ | == dnsmasq (if using ProxyDHCP) setup == | ||
Install dnsmasq: | Install dnsmasq: | ||
Line 200: | Line 235: | ||
Where you see "x.x.x.x", replace this with your FOG server's IP address. | Where you see "x.x.x.x", replace this with your FOG server's IP address. | ||
You may change the timeout for the menu or remove it totally. | You may change the timeout for the menu or remove it totally. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Copy your desired undionly.xxx file to undionly.0 | ||
+ | In this example, we will use undionly.kkpxe | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>cp /tftpboot/undionly.kkpxe /tftpboot/undionly.0</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | I do not advise using symbolic links, I have seen them fail. Copies will work 100% of the time. | ||
Restart dnsmasq: | Restart dnsmasq: | ||
Line 206: | Line 248: | ||
Enable dnsmasq to start on boot: | Enable dnsmasq to start on boot: | ||
<pre>systemctl enable dnsmasq.service</pre> | <pre>systemctl enable dnsmasq.service</pre> | ||
− | |||
== Updating FOG to Latest == | == Updating FOG to Latest == | ||
<pre>cd ~ | <pre>cd ~ | ||
− | cd | + | cd git/fogproject |
− | + | git pull | |
cd bin | cd bin | ||
− | ./installfog.sh | + | ./installfog.sh</pre> |
− | |||
== Working from the comforts of your desk (using SSH - Optional but highly recommended) == | == Working from the comforts of your desk (using SSH - Optional but highly recommended) == | ||
Line 223: | Line 263: | ||
restart server | restart server | ||
<pre>shutdown -r</pre> | <pre>shutdown -r</pre> | ||
− | + | or | |
+ | <pre>reboot</pre> | ||
== Formatting & mounting a 2nd drive == | == Formatting & mounting a 2nd drive == | ||
Line 236: | Line 277: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
− | Normally sda is drive 1. sdb is drive 2. Note that SATA drives begin with sd, IDE drives begin with HD. If you had additional drives or even flash drives, they'd be listed as sdc, sdd, sde, sdf, etc. | + | Normally sda is drive 1. sdb is drive 2. Note that SATA drives begin with sd, IDE drives begin with HD, and SD cards begin with mmcblk. If you had additional drives or even flash drives, they'd be listed as sdc, sdd, sde, sdf, etc. Or for IDE drives, hda, hdb, hdc. Or for SD cards or flash drives it would be soemthing like mmcblka, mmcblkb, mmcblkc. |
− | After identifying the right drive, you'll want to create a partition on it. For this, we use fdisk. | + | |
+ | Note that partitions are labeled similarly. say that /dev/sda has 3 partitions. They would be seen by the Linux kernel as /dev/sda0, /dev/sda1, and /dev/sda2. The same numbering scheme would apply to other types of drives. | ||
+ | |||
+ | After identifying the right '''drive''' (not partition, but the actual disk itself), you'll want to maybe delete existing partitions on it, and create a new partition on it. For this, we use fdisk. | ||
+ | |||
+ | Say our device was called /dev/sdb, the command would be: | ||
<pre>[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb | <pre>[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb | ||
Line 249: | Line 295: | ||
</pre> | </pre> | ||
− | hit the "m" key to get the menu, to show you what you can do in there. | + | hit the "m" key to get the menu, to show you what you can do in there - you should really follow the menu but: |
− | "g" creates a new GPT partition, so tap "g" | + | "d" deletes partitions. |
+ | "g" creates a new GPT partition, so tap "g" if you're in UEFI. "n" for a new MBR type partition. | ||
After creating the partition, you can verify it with "p" | After creating the partition, you can verify it with "p" | ||
You must write your changes with "w", otherwise nothing will be done. | You must write your changes with "w", otherwise nothing will be done. | ||
Line 257: | Line 304: | ||
<pre>mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb</pre> | <pre>mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb</pre> | ||
− | Next, we want that partition to mount to the / | + | Next, we want that partition to mount to the /images2 directory at boot. We'll need to edit /etc/fstab for this, and you'll need to use Vi to do it (it's easy). |
<pre>vi /etc/fstab</pre> | <pre>vi /etc/fstab</pre> | ||
− | Vi | + | Instructions on using Vi: [[Vi]] |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
You need to add this line to the end of the file. Make sure to use the right partition name, and the right file system type. | You need to add this line to the end of the file. Make sure to use the right partition name, and the right file system type. | ||
− | <pre>/dev/sdb / | + | <pre>/dev/sdb /images2 ext4 defaults 0 0</pre> |
Line 279: | Line 323: | ||
<pre> | <pre> | ||
cd / | cd / | ||
− | mkdir | + | mkdir images2 |
− | mount /images</ | + | mount /images2</pre> |
+ | |||
+ | Now, you'll need to create the necessary sub-files and sub-directory on the new drive and set ownership and permissions. Use the path where you mounted it, but below I'll be using /images2 | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | touch /images2/.mntcheck | ||
+ | mkdir /images2/dev | ||
+ | touch /images2/dev/.mntcheck | ||
+ | chown -R fog:root /images2 | ||
+ | chmod -R 777 /images2 | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Now, you'll want to create an nfs export for the new images2 directory. Edit the file /etc/exports to do that. If this is a pre-existing fog server, you'll already have two lines in here about /images and /images/dev/. They will look like this, <font color="red">note the fsid</font>. | ||
− | + | <pre> | |
+ | /images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) | ||
+ | /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1) | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | The FSID must be unique for each entry. Basically, you'd copy the two lines already in there, and paste them at the bottom of the file. Change the paths on the two new lines to /images2 and /images2/dev and them make the FSID 2 and 3. | ||
+ | So, you would use Vi to edit this file. The command would be: | ||
− | == | + | <pre> |
+ | vi /etc/exports | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Instructions on using Vi can be found here: [[Vi]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | After this file is modified correctly, you can either restart the NFS related services or reboot the server. Restarting the services is different depending on the OS you're running. Instructions on that can be found in a subsection of the Troubleshoot NFS article here: [[Troubleshoot_NFS#NFS_.26_RPC_.2F_Portmap_Service]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | All done with HDD installation. You may add this new directory as a secondary storage node inside of "Storage Management" via the web interface. Just fill out the correct NFS and FTP path, and use the same credentials as the other /images node in the web interface (because they will be the same, because it's the same server). I would strongly advise creating a new storage group to put the new storage node into. Then you should be ready to do a test image upload. | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Mounting a CIFS share at boot (for NAS, Windows, Samba) == | ||
This is how you would mount a windows share to Fedora 21 server for backups or other numerous reasons. | This is how you would mount a windows share to Fedora 21 server for backups or other numerous reasons. | ||
Line 303: | Line 374: | ||
Where x.x.x.x is the remote share's IP. Replace the username and password. | Where x.x.x.x is the remote share's IP. Replace the username and password. | ||
Please note that your password will be stored in plain-text. There are other methods of mounting without storing your passwords in such an obvious place, but this is not within the scope of this document. We're doing it the quick and dirty way to get you going with minimal difficulty. | Please note that your password will be stored in plain-text. There are other methods of mounting without storing your passwords in such an obvious place, but this is not within the scope of this document. We're doing it the quick and dirty way to get you going with minimal difficulty. | ||
+ | |||
+ | After adding this line and before the next reboot, you may mount the share immediately. For this example, you'd simply tell the local folder to mount. | ||
+ | <pre>mount /backups</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | To unmount the folder from the share, you'd add a u to mount. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>umount /backups</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | But of course, due to the entry in /etc/fstab, this will mount on every boot automatically. | ||
+ | |||
+ | See also: [[Password Protected Samba Share]] | ||
+ | |||
+ | Here is another good resource on the topic: | ||
+ | [http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-mount-cifs-windows-share/ linux-mount-cifs-windows-share] | ||
+ | |||
+ | == Mount SMB share on the fly - not permanently == | ||
+ | |||
+ | To mount: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>mkdir /tempMount | ||
+ | mount -t cifs //x.x.x.x/ShareNameGoesHere /tempMount -o username=YourUsernameGoesHere -o password=YourPasswordGoesHere,noexec</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | To unmount: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>umount /tempMount</pre> |
Latest revision as of 13:38, 24 September 2016
Contents
- 1 Installing Fedora 21 server
- 2 Fedora 21 server pre-config
- 3 Setup FOG Trunk
- 4 Post-Configurations for Fedora 21 Server and this setup (Optional)
- 4.1 Set the FOG services to start 30 seconds after boot
- 4.2 Verify Fedora DHCP config (if using DHCP)
- 4.3 Configuring existing Windows DHCP server (If using Windows DHCP)
- 4.4 dnsmasq (if using ProxyDHCP) setup
- 4.5 Updating FOG to Latest
- 4.6 Working from the comforts of your desk (using SSH - Optional but highly recommended)
- 4.7 Formatting & mounting a 2nd drive
- 4.8 Mounting a CIFS share at boot (for NAS, Windows, Samba)
- 4.9 Mount SMB share on the fly - not permanently
Installing Fedora 21 server
Configuring partitions for FOG
The one thing with using Fedora (or any red-hat based distro) is that the default partitioning isn't optimal for FOG. The default is that "root" only gets 50 GiB and the rest goes to /home. This is not optimal.
You should delete any existing partitions, and then select "create partitions automatically". This is the easiest. Then you can manipulate and delete unneeded partitions. The most simple partitioning setup for FOG is below:
- Give the swap partition the same amount as the amount of RAM the system has.
- Optionally delete the /home partition or limit it's size to something very small (perhaps 10GB).
- Limit / (root) to 20GB instead of 50 (optional but recommended). Please keep in mind that this is also the partition where the snapins are stored. If you plan to use a lot of snapins and don't think that (roughly) 15GB is enough, then leave this at 50.
- Increase the size of /boot from 500MB to 1GB for breathing room in the future (optional but recommended).
- Finally, create a /images partition with all remaining space.
Fedora (and most Red-Hat based distributions) auto-adjust partition sizes for you if you go over what is available... meaning.. if you are unsure about how much space is left on the drive to assign to /images, you can leave the size field blank and hit "update" and the installer will auto adjust to what is available.
Another thing to keep in mind is when you install on UEFI enabled hardware, there will be an EFI boot partition made automatically - leave that partition alone.
(Note: Video plays in Chrome or Firefox with html5 plugin)
External Video Link:
Fedora 21 Optimal Partitioning for FOG
Video:
Continue installation
- Under network settings, set a static IP with Subnet & router info and set a hostname. DNS entries are comma delimited (no spaces). For these to take effect, you can toggle off/on the network adapter. It's a slide switch on the NIC selection page.
- Set the timezone (and any preferred NTP servers).
- Start installing.
- Set a root password.
Fedora 21 server pre-config
Update Fedora 21 server
Update everything installed with this line:
yum update -y
Continue pre-config
After installation is complete and reboot is done, you can work through putty from this point forward. You can get a copy here.
- Log in as root with the password you set earlier.
- Disable firewalld:
systemctl stop firewalld;systemctl disable firewalld
- Set SELinux to permissive on boot by editing /etc/selinux/config
vi /etc/selinux/config
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
Change the lineSELINUX=enforcing
to
SELINUX=permissive
- Set SELinux to permissive on the fly (this is not persistent, the above config must be set to be persistent):
setenforce 0
Setup FOG Trunk
This will install the latest developmental version of FOG using the Git method found here: Upgrade to trunk
We need to use FOG Trunk with Fedora 21 and later because the latest stable release of FOG (currently 1.2.0) does not support any recent versions of Fedora.
yum install git -y cd ~ mkdir git cd git git clone --depth 1 https://github.com/FOGProject/fogproject.git cd fogproject/bin ./installfog.sh echo Now you should have fog installed.
- Follow the on-screen instructions to setup fog for your environment. If you are unsure about anything, choose the default option.
Post-Configurations for Fedora 21 Server and this setup (Optional)
Set the FOG services to start 30 seconds after boot
Sometimes necessary with Fedora 21 & r6551 and above (FOG 1.3.0 is above r6551). There's an issue with the FOGMulticastManager after a reboot; it's timing related.
There are also steps included to delay NFS and RPC for 30 seconds as well, this is needed for very fast servers - doing it on all servers won't hurt.
- Disable FOG services with:
systemctl disable FOG{MulticastManager,Scheduler,SnapinReplicator,ImageReplicator} systemctl disable nfs-server systemctl disable rpcbind
Create a startup script with:
vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
- Make that file look like below, exactly. This creates a 30 second delay for starting these services at boot.
#!/bin/bash sleep 30 systemctl start nfs-server systemctl start rpcbind systemctl start FOGMulticastManager systemctl start FOGScheduler systemctl start FOGSnapinReplicator systemctl start FOGImageReplicator exit 0
- save the file
- Then Run this command to make that file executable:
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local
Verify Fedora DHCP config (if using DHCP)
You may restart and check status of the DHCP service with these commands:
systemctl restart dhcpd.service systemctl status dhcpd.service
The configuration file is located here: /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
You can edit it using this command:
vi /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
Here is an EXAMPLE config file that uses a 255.255.240.0 subnet mask:
option space PXE; option PXE.mtftp-ip code 1 = ip-address; option PXE.mtftp-cport code 2 = unsigned integer 16; option PXE.mtftp-sport code 3 = unsigned integer 16; option PXE.mtftp-tmout code 4 = unsigned integer 8; option PXE.mtftp-delay code 5 = unsigned integer 8; option arch code 93 = unsigned integer 16; # RFC4578 use-host-decl-names on; ddns-update-style interim; ignore client-updates; next-server 10.12.1.11; subnet 10.12.0.0 netmask 255.255.240.0 { option subnet-mask 255.255.240.0; range dynamic-bootp 10.12.5.1 10.12.7.254; default-lease-time 21600; max-lease-time 43200; option domain-name-servers 10.51.1.6; option routers 10.12.15.254; filename "undionly.kkpxe"; }
Things you might want to verify in this file is:
- The range of IPs you want to give out.
- The subnet address.
- The subnet mask.
- The bootfile you want to use. The default is set to undionly.kpxe and this works with most newer computers. Older computers (and especially Lenovos) should use undionly.kkpxe
To find your network address and subnet mask, at the CLI, you'd type:
route -n
Articles related to ISC-DHCP
Fedora 21 Server#Verify Fedora DHCP config (if_using_DHCP)
Configuring existing Windows DHCP server (If using Windows DHCP)
Inside your DHCP server, we have to set some options.
- IPv4 -> Scope -> Scope Options.
- Right click Scope Options.
- Enable 066 Boot Server Host Name, enter the FOG server’s IP.
- Enable 067 Bootfile Name, set it as
undionly.kkpxe
Note: You may use any of the boot files listed in /tftpboot on the FOG server. the most common is undionly.kpxe and undionly.kkpxe
See also: BIOS_and_UEFI_Co-Existence
dnsmasq (if using ProxyDHCP) setup
Install dnsmasq:
yum install -y dnsmasq
edit the ltsp.conf file:
vi /etc/dnsmasq.d/ltsp.conf
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
port=0 log-dhcp tftp-root=/tftpboot dhcp-boot=undionly.0,x.x.x.x,x.x.x.x dhcp-option=17,/images dhcp-option=vendor:PXEClient,6,2b dhcp-no-override pxe-prompt="Press F8 for boot menu", 3 pxe-service=X86PC, “Boot from network”, undionly pxe-service=X86PC, "Boot from local hard disk", 0 dhcp-range=x.x.x.x,proxy
Where you see "x.x.x.x", replace this with your FOG server's IP address. You may change the timeout for the menu or remove it totally.
Copy your desired undionly.xxx file to undionly.0 In this example, we will use undionly.kkpxe
cp /tftpboot/undionly.kkpxe /tftpboot/undionly.0
I do not advise using symbolic links, I have seen them fail. Copies will work 100% of the time.
Restart dnsmasq:
systemctl restart dnsmasq.service
Enable dnsmasq to start on boot:
systemctl enable dnsmasq.service
Updating FOG to Latest
cd ~ cd git/fogproject git pull cd bin ./installfog.sh
Working from the comforts of your desk (using SSH - Optional but highly recommended)
Connect using SSH from another Linux machine
ssh -l root x.x.x.x
restart server
shutdown -r
or
reboot
Formatting & mounting a 2nd drive
ls -l /dev/sd*(lists all scsi/sata device files to find the new extra disk device file)
The output will look something like this.
brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 0 Apr 6 17:49 /dev/sda brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 1 Apr 6 17:49 /dev/sda1 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 2 Apr 6 17:49 /dev/sda2 brw-rw---- 1 root disk 8, 16 Apr 6 20:49 /dev/sdb
Normally sda is drive 1. sdb is drive 2. Note that SATA drives begin with sd, IDE drives begin with HD, and SD cards begin with mmcblk. If you had additional drives or even flash drives, they'd be listed as sdc, sdd, sde, sdf, etc. Or for IDE drives, hda, hdb, hdc. Or for SD cards or flash drives it would be soemthing like mmcblka, mmcblkb, mmcblkc.
Note that partitions are labeled similarly. say that /dev/sda has 3 partitions. They would be seen by the Linux kernel as /dev/sda0, /dev/sda1, and /dev/sda2. The same numbering scheme would apply to other types of drives.
After identifying the right drive (not partition, but the actual disk itself), you'll want to maybe delete existing partitions on it, and create a new partition on it. For this, we use fdisk.
Say our device was called /dev/sdb, the command would be:
[root@localhost ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.25.2). Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. Be careful before using the write command. Command (m for help):
hit the "m" key to get the menu, to show you what you can do in there - you should really follow the menu but: "d" deletes partitions. "g" creates a new GPT partition, so tap "g" if you're in UEFI. "n" for a new MBR type partition. After creating the partition, you can verify it with "p" You must write your changes with "w", otherwise nothing will be done.
We need to format that partition next (we're going to do it the ultra-simple but probably "will upset old-time Linux users" way). if you'd like an ext4 filesystem, you'd use:
mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdb
Next, we want that partition to mount to the /images2 directory at boot. We'll need to edit /etc/fstab for this, and you'll need to use Vi to do it (it's easy).
vi /etc/fstab
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
You need to add this line to the end of the file. Make sure to use the right partition name, and the right file system type.
/dev/sdb /images2 ext4 defaults 0 0
When you're done, you need to stop "inserting", to do that, hit the escape key.
Now, you need to write your changes. do that by typing :w and then hit enter.
It should tell you it wrote the changes.
Next, to quit, type :q and hit enter.
You may reboot to mount, or you can mount now using this:
cd / mkdir images2 mount /images2
Now, you'll need to create the necessary sub-files and sub-directory on the new drive and set ownership and permissions. Use the path where you mounted it, but below I'll be using /images2
touch /images2/.mntcheck mkdir /images2/dev touch /images2/dev/.mntcheck chown -R fog:root /images2 chmod -R 777 /images2
Now, you'll want to create an nfs export for the new images2 directory. Edit the file /etc/exports to do that. If this is a pre-existing fog server, you'll already have two lines in here about /images and /images/dev/. They will look like this, note the fsid.
/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)
The FSID must be unique for each entry. Basically, you'd copy the two lines already in there, and paste them at the bottom of the file. Change the paths on the two new lines to /images2 and /images2/dev and them make the FSID 2 and 3.
So, you would use Vi to edit this file. The command would be:
vi /etc/exports
Instructions on using Vi can be found here: Vi
After this file is modified correctly, you can either restart the NFS related services or reboot the server. Restarting the services is different depending on the OS you're running. Instructions on that can be found in a subsection of the Troubleshoot NFS article here: Troubleshoot_NFS#NFS_.26_RPC_.2F_Portmap_Service
All done with HDD installation. You may add this new directory as a secondary storage node inside of "Storage Management" via the web interface. Just fill out the correct NFS and FTP path, and use the same credentials as the other /images node in the web interface (because they will be the same, because it's the same server). I would strongly advise creating a new storage group to put the new storage node into. Then you should be ready to do a test image upload.
This is how you would mount a windows share to Fedora 21 server for backups or other numerous reasons.
cd / mkdir backups sudo chmod -R 777 backups vi /etc/fstab
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
Add this line to the bottom of /etc/fstab to permanently mount //x.x.x.x/RemoteSharedFolder to the folder called backups:
//x.x.x.x/RemoteSharedFolder /backups cifs username=UserNameHere,password=PasswordHere,noperm,iocharset=utf8,file_mode=0777,dir_mode=0777 0 0
Where x.x.x.x is the remote share's IP. Replace the username and password. Please note that your password will be stored in plain-text. There are other methods of mounting without storing your passwords in such an obvious place, but this is not within the scope of this document. We're doing it the quick and dirty way to get you going with minimal difficulty.
After adding this line and before the next reboot, you may mount the share immediately. For this example, you'd simply tell the local folder to mount.
mount /backups
To unmount the folder from the share, you'd add a u to mount.
umount /backups
But of course, due to the entry in /etc/fstab, this will mount on every boot automatically.
See also: Password Protected Samba Share
Here is another good resource on the topic: linux-mount-cifs-windows-share
To mount:
mkdir /tempMount mount -t cifs //x.x.x.x/ShareNameGoesHere /tempMount -o username=YourUsernameGoesHere -o password=YourPasswordGoesHere,noexec
To unmount:
umount /tempMount