Difference between revisions of "Troubleshoot NFS"
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+ | == NFS's roles in FOG == | ||
− | + | NFS is used to transfer images to and from hosts in FOG, and is used on both the host and server. The server's setting file controls what files & directories are exported, and their options. NFS allows writing to the /images/dev directory and allows reading from the /images directory. During imaging, the host mounts either /images/dev (for capturing an image) or /images (for deploying an image). | |
− | + | During capture, FOS (fog operating system) captures images to: /images/dev/<MAC Address Of Client> | |
− | + | During download/deployment, NFS downloads images from: /images/<Image Path> | |
− | During download/deployment, NFS downloads images from /images/<Image Path> | ||
− | Please note that FTP is used to move images from /images/dev to /images. | + | Please note that FTP is used to move images from /images/dev to /images. Also note that an imported directory can not be re-exported. For example, if you have a remote share mounted to your FOG server, you cannot export this directory via /etc/exports for imaging purposes. If you'd like your storage to be remote, an additional storage node or an FTP & NFS capable NAS device must be used. |
== Testing NFS == | == Testing NFS == | ||
− | |||
− | + | === Using a FOG debug deployment for testing (easy & quick way) === | |
+ | |||
+ | The first thing we must do is create a test file that we use to test with. On your FOG server: | ||
+ | <pre>echo 'This is the text I use to test with.' > /images/test.txt</pre> | ||
− | |||
− | + | Select the problematic client from your Hosts list in the web UI, Choose "Basic Tasks", then pick download. Create an immediate debug task. See picture below: | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | [[File:Debug Download Task.png]] | |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | At the client, if it did not WOL, turn it on. | ||
+ | After the client shows options on the screen, you can press [enter] twice to be given a command prompt. | ||
+ | |||
+ | You first need to create two directories to mount to: | ||
+ | <pre>mkdir /images | ||
+ | mkdir /images/dev</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Next, we will mount to FOG's remote image directories like this: | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>mount -o nolock,proto=tcp,rsize=32768,intr,noatime x.x.x.x:/images /images | ||
+ | mount -o nolock,proto=tcp,rsize=32768,intr,noatime x.x.x.x:/images/dev/ /images/dev</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | Next, we will execute a command that will test the NFS aspects of deploy and capture at the same time. We will attempt to read /images/test.txt and write that file to /images/dev/test.txt | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre>cp /images/test.txt /images/dev/test.txt</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | If you recieved no errors, you're probably good to go. You can confirm all went well by looking at the contents of the moved file: | ||
+ | <pre>cat /images/dev/test.txt</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | === Using a separate Linux machine for testing (hard & long way) === | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== below r3472 (1.2.0 is below r3472, if you're above this, proceed to 2.2.2)==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | inside /etc/exports on the FOG server, | ||
+ | Set the fsid for /images to 0 and /images/dev to 1 | ||
− | + | <pre>sudo vi /etc/exports</pre> | |
− | |||
− | <pre> | ||
− | |||
+ | instructions on using Vi: [[Vi]] | ||
− | + | Save that, exit that, then run this: | |
− | <pre> | + | <pre>exportfs -a</pre> |
− | |||
+ | '''Restart NFS and RPC''' (see services below) | ||
− | + | After restarting NFS and RPC, '''proceed to the steps just below''': | |
+ | ==== r3473 and above ==== | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | The first thing we must do is create a test file that we use to test with. On your FOG server: | |
− | <pre> | + | <pre>echo 'This is the text I use to test with.' > /images/test.txt</pre> |
− | + | At the CLI of the '''separate Linux machine''': | |
− | |||
− | + | Create local directories | |
− | |||
+ | <pre>mkdir /images | ||
+ | mkdir /images/dev</pre> | ||
− | + | You can configure the mounts for the /images and the /images/dev directories of your FOG server on your separate Linux machine by executing these two commands: | |
− | |||
− | + | <pre>mount x.x.x.x:/images /images | |
− | <pre> | + | mount x.x.x.x:/images/dev /images/dev</pre> |
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | Next, we will execute a command that will test the NFS aspects of deploy and capture at the same time. We will attempt to read /images/test.txt and write that file to /images/dev/test.txt | |
− | |||
− | + | <pre>cp /images/test.txt /images/dev/test.txt</pre> | |
+ | If you recieved no errors, you're probably good to go. You can confirm all went well by looking at the contents of the moved file: | ||
+ | <pre>cat /images/dev/test.txt</pre> | ||
+ | == NFS & RPC / Portmap Service == | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | === Fedora 20/21/22/23/24 & CentOS 7 === | ||
− | + | NFS Status: | |
− | <pre>systemctl | + | <pre>systemctl status nfs-server</pre> (should be on and green, no errors, and enabled) |
− | |||
The restart command is most useful, if any errors are encountered during manual start/restart, they are displayed. | The restart command is most useful, if any errors are encountered during manual start/restart, they are displayed. | ||
Line 85: | Line 104: | ||
Enable NFS on boot: | Enable NFS on boot: | ||
<pre>systemctl enable nfs-server</pre> | <pre>systemctl enable nfs-server</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | RPC Status: | ||
+ | <pre>systemctl status rpcbind</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Restart RPC: | ||
+ | <pre>systemctl restart rpcbind</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Enable RPC on boot: | ||
+ | <pre>systemctl enable rpcbind</pre> | ||
=== Ubuntu === | === Ubuntu === | ||
Line 94: | Line 123: | ||
<pre>sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart</pre> | <pre>sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart</pre> | ||
+ | Enable on boot: | ||
+ | <pre>update-rc.d nfs-kernel-server defaults</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | RPC status: | ||
+ | <pre>sudo service rpcbind status</pre> | ||
− | + | Restart RPC: | |
− | <pre> | + | <pre>sudo service rpcbind restart</pre> |
− | + | Enable RPC on boot: | |
+ | <pre>update-rc.d rpcbind defaults</pre> | ||
+ | == FOG's web console NFS settings == | ||
+ | Applies to FOG 1.2.0 and up. | ||
− | + | Inside of here: | |
− | + | Storage Management -> [YourStorageNode] -> Image Path | |
− | |||
+ | This is the actual path of the images directory on the storage node. In a basic installation, the storage node is hosted on the FOG server itself. The image path should be reflected inside of the /etc/exports file (See NFS Settings below). | ||
− | + | Most commonly, the image path is simply: | |
− | <pre> | + | <pre>/images</pre> |
− | == | + | == NFS Settings File == |
− | The primary NFS settings file | + | The primary NFS settings file is located here: |
<pre>/etc/exports</pre> | <pre>/etc/exports</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | To view the contents of the file: | ||
+ | <pre>cat /etc/exports</pre> | ||
On a standard FOG install where everything is self-contained on one system, it should look like this: | On a standard FOG install where everything is self-contained on one system, it should look like this: | ||
− | <pre> | + | <pre>/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) |
+ | /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1) | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | To edit the file: | ||
+ | <pre>sudo vi /etc/exports</pre> | ||
+ | |||
+ | Instructions on using Vi: [[Vi]] | ||
== Creating & verifying .mntcheck files == | == Creating & verifying .mntcheck files == | ||
− | .mntcheck is a hidden and empty file that a FOG client uses during image | + | .mntcheck is a hidden and empty file that a FOG client uses during image capture and image download/deployment to verify an NFS share is mounted correctly. |
Line 134: | Line 181: | ||
This should return two results. One for /images and one for /images/dev | This should return two results. One for /images and one for /images/dev | ||
+ | |||
+ | Permissions should also be set appropriately for these files. See the permissions section. | ||
== Disable & Verify Firewall == | == Disable & Verify Firewall == | ||
Line 143: | Line 192: | ||
== Permissions == | == Permissions == | ||
+ | For the purposes of this article (troubleshooting), the /images directory should have 777 permissions set recursively. | ||
− | + | You can do that like this: | |
+ | <pre>chmod -R 777 /images</pre> | ||
+ | == Common problems and fixes == | ||
+ | === My problem isn't in the WiKi! === | ||
+ | {{:My problem isn't in the WiKi!}} | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | + | === Image Capture: Error Checking Mount === | |
+ | |||
+ | |||
+ | The Client mounts the NFS share successfully but throws an error while checking the mounted Share. | ||
+ | |||
+ | <pre> | ||
+ | * Preparing to send image file to server | ||
+ | * Mounting File System......................................mount:ser.ver.ipa.ddr:/data/images/dev/ failed, reason given by server: Permission denied | ||
+ | Done | ||
+ | |||
+ | * Checking Mounted File System ........................ | ||
+ | ########################################################################################### | ||
+ | # # | ||
+ | # An error has been detected # | ||
+ | # # | ||
+ | ########################################################################################### | ||
+ | |||
+ | Fatal Error: Failed to mount NFS Volume. | ||
+ | |||
+ | ########################################################################################### | ||
+ | # # | ||
+ | # Computer will reboot in 1 minute. # | ||
+ | # # | ||
+ | ########################################################################################### | ||
+ | |||
+ | </pre> | ||
+ | The error in FOG 1.3.0 is "Could not mount images folder (/bin./fog.download)" as pictured below. | ||
+ | [[File:Could not mount images folder.png]] | ||
+ | In the folder on your server, check for the '''.mntcheck files'''. If these are not there then perform the following commands [Linux Systems Only] | ||
− | + | '''touch /images/dev/.mntcheck ''' | |
− | + | '''touch /images/.mntcheck ''' | |
− | |||
− | + | If still receiving the same error message after perfroming the above commands, you may need to edit /etc/exports to include your new mount point, i.e. /data/images and /data/images/dev with corresponding permissions. | |
+ | See following examples of /etc/exports: | ||
− | + | Example 1 | |
− | * | + | <pre>/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) |
+ | /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1) | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
− | + | Example 2 | |
− | * | + | <pre>/data/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) |
+ | /data/images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1) | ||
+ | </pre> | ||
− | |||
− | + | ---- |
Latest revision as of 06:37, 7 January 2017
Contents
NFS's roles in FOG
NFS is used to transfer images to and from hosts in FOG, and is used on both the host and server. The server's setting file controls what files & directories are exported, and their options. NFS allows writing to the /images/dev directory and allows reading from the /images directory. During imaging, the host mounts either /images/dev (for capturing an image) or /images (for deploying an image).
During capture, FOS (fog operating system) captures images to: /images/dev/<MAC Address Of Client>
During download/deployment, NFS downloads images from: /images/<Image Path>
Please note that FTP is used to move images from /images/dev to /images. Also note that an imported directory can not be re-exported. For example, if you have a remote share mounted to your FOG server, you cannot export this directory via /etc/exports for imaging purposes. If you'd like your storage to be remote, an additional storage node or an FTP & NFS capable NAS device must be used.
Testing NFS
Using a FOG debug deployment for testing (easy & quick way)
The first thing we must do is create a test file that we use to test with. On your FOG server:
echo 'This is the text I use to test with.' > /images/test.txt
Select the problematic client from your Hosts list in the web UI, Choose "Basic Tasks", then pick download. Create an immediate debug task. See picture below:
At the client, if it did not WOL, turn it on.
After the client shows options on the screen, you can press [enter] twice to be given a command prompt.
You first need to create two directories to mount to:
mkdir /images mkdir /images/dev
Next, we will mount to FOG's remote image directories like this:
mount -o nolock,proto=tcp,rsize=32768,intr,noatime x.x.x.x:/images /images mount -o nolock,proto=tcp,rsize=32768,intr,noatime x.x.x.x:/images/dev/ /images/dev
Next, we will execute a command that will test the NFS aspects of deploy and capture at the same time. We will attempt to read /images/test.txt and write that file to /images/dev/test.txt
cp /images/test.txt /images/dev/test.txt
If you recieved no errors, you're probably good to go. You can confirm all went well by looking at the contents of the moved file:
cat /images/dev/test.txt
Using a separate Linux machine for testing (hard & long way)
below r3472 (1.2.0 is below r3472, if you're above this, proceed to 2.2.2)
inside /etc/exports on the FOG server, Set the fsid for /images to 0 and /images/dev to 1
sudo vi /etc/exports
instructions on using Vi: Vi
Save that, exit that, then run this:
exportfs -a
Restart NFS and RPC (see services below)
After restarting NFS and RPC, proceed to the steps just below:
r3473 and above
The first thing we must do is create a test file that we use to test with. On your FOG server:
echo 'This is the text I use to test with.' > /images/test.txt
At the CLI of the separate Linux machine:
Create local directories
mkdir /images mkdir /images/dev
You can configure the mounts for the /images and the /images/dev directories of your FOG server on your separate Linux machine by executing these two commands:
mount x.x.x.x:/images /images mount x.x.x.x:/images/dev /images/dev
Next, we will execute a command that will test the NFS aspects of deploy and capture at the same time. We will attempt to read /images/test.txt and write that file to /images/dev/test.txt
cp /images/test.txt /images/dev/test.txt
If you recieved no errors, you're probably good to go. You can confirm all went well by looking at the contents of the moved file:
cat /images/dev/test.txt
NFS & RPC / Portmap Service
Fedora 20/21/22/23/24 & CentOS 7
NFS Status:
systemctl status nfs-server(should be on and green, no errors, and enabled)
The restart command is most useful, if any errors are encountered during manual start/restart, they are displayed.
systemctl restart nfs-server
Enable NFS on boot:
systemctl enable nfs-server
RPC Status:
systemctl status rpcbind
Restart RPC:
systemctl restart rpcbind
Enable RPC on boot:
systemctl enable rpcbind
Ubuntu
NFS status:
sudo service nfs-kernel-server status
The restart command is most useful, if any errors are encountered during manual start/restart, they are displayed.
sudo service nfs-kernel-server restart
Enable on boot:
update-rc.d nfs-kernel-server defaults
RPC status:
sudo service rpcbind status
Restart RPC:
sudo service rpcbind restart
Enable RPC on boot:
update-rc.d rpcbind defaults
FOG's web console NFS settings
Applies to FOG 1.2.0 and up.
Inside of here:
Storage Management -> [YourStorageNode] -> Image Path
This is the actual path of the images directory on the storage node. In a basic installation, the storage node is hosted on the FOG server itself. The image path should be reflected inside of the /etc/exports file (See NFS Settings below).
Most commonly, the image path is simply:
/images
NFS Settings File
The primary NFS settings file is located here:
/etc/exports
To view the contents of the file:
cat /etc/exports
On a standard FOG install where everything is self-contained on one system, it should look like this:
/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)
To edit the file:
sudo vi /etc/exports
Instructions on using Vi: Vi
Creating & verifying .mntcheck files
.mntcheck is a hidden and empty file that a FOG client uses during image capture and image download/deployment to verify an NFS share is mounted correctly.
To create these files, on the FOG server:
touch /images/.mntcheck touch /images/dev/.mntcheck
Verify these files with:
ls -laR /images | grep .mntcheck
This should return two results. One for /images and one for /images/dev
Permissions should also be set appropriately for these files. See the permissions section.
Disable & Verify Firewall
Fedora 20/21/22/23
Disable/stop Firewall
systemctl disable firewalld.service
systemctl stop firewalld.service
Can be undone with "start" and "enable".
Check Firewall in Fedora 20/21/22/23
systemctl status firewalld.service
Fedora 16
Add /bin/bash to /etc/shells as the vsftpd yum install does not do it correctly causing tftp timeout message
Debian/Ubuntu
sudo iptables -L
If disabled, the output should look like this:
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT) target prot opt source destination
Disable Ubuntu Firewall
sudo ufw disable
Disable Debian Firewall
iptables -F iptables -X iptables -t nat -F iptables -t nat -X iptables -t mangle -F iptables -t mangle -X iptables -P INPUT ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT
Other debian settings:
/etc/hosts.deny
This setting in the above file will deny traffic from any source except locally:
ALL:ALL EXCEPT 127.0.0.1:DENY
Comment out this line like so:
#ALL:ALL EXCEPT 127.0.0.1:DENY
Windows 7
Start -> Control Panel -> View by "Small icons" -> Windows Firewall -> Turn Windows Firewall On or Off -> Turn off all three.
Configuring firewall on Linux
To set the firewall for Linux to only allow what is necessary, please see the FOG security article.
Permissions
For the purposes of this article (troubleshooting), the /images directory should have 777 permissions set recursively.
You can do that like this:
chmod -R 777 /images
Common problems and fixes
My problem isn't in the WiKi!
If you have a problem with FOG, or have a solution to a problem with FOG, please visit the forums for help or to report your solution. We try to keep the WiKi updated with things found in the forum. You can visit the forum here: FOG Forums
Image Capture: Error Checking Mount
The Client mounts the NFS share successfully but throws an error while checking the mounted Share.
* Preparing to send image file to server * Mounting File System......................................mount:ser.ver.ipa.ddr:/data/images/dev/ failed, reason given by server: Permission denied Done * Checking Mounted File System ........................ ########################################################################################### # # # An error has been detected # # # ########################################################################################### Fatal Error: Failed to mount NFS Volume. ########################################################################################### # # # Computer will reboot in 1 minute. # # # ###########################################################################################
The error in FOG 1.3.0 is "Could not mount images folder (/bin./fog.download)" as pictured below.
In the folder on your server, check for the .mntcheck files. If these are not there then perform the following commands [Linux Systems Only]
touch /images/dev/.mntcheck
touch /images/.mntcheck
If still receiving the same error message after perfroming the above commands, you may need to edit /etc/exports to include your new mount point, i.e. /data/images and /data/images/dev with corresponding permissions.
See following examples of /etc/exports:
Example 1
/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) /images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)
Example 2
/data/images *(ro,sync,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,insecure_locks,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=0) /data/images/dev *(rw,async,no_wdelay,no_subtree_check,no_root_squash,insecure,fsid=1)